{"id":8508,"date":"2026-04-11T17:02:07","date_gmt":"2026-04-11T17:02:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/raparin24.com\/?p=8508"},"modified":"2026-04-11T17:02:07","modified_gmt":"2026-04-11T17:02:07","slug":"%d8%b3%db%95%d8%b1%db%86%d9%83-%d9%83%db%86%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%b1%db%8c-%d9%86%d9%88%db%8e%db%8c-%d8%b9%db%8c%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%82-%d8%a8%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b3%db%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/raparin24.com\/?p=8508","title":{"rendered":"\u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06c6\u0643 \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u06ce\u06cc \u0639\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06d5"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\n
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\n
\u0640 \u0643\u06c6\u0646\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u06cc \u06af\u06c6\u0695\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0643\u06d5\u0634\u0648\u0647\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u06d5\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u06af\u0631\u062a\u0648\u0648\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646 COP21 \u2013 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0633 (2015).<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0640 \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06c6\u0643\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0648\u06d5\u0641\u062f\u06cc \u0639\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0642\u06cc \u0628\u06c6 COP28 \u2013 \u0626\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a (2023).<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
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\n
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\n
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\n
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\n
\u0640 \u0628\u06d5\u0634\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0644\u06d5 \u0647\u06d5\u0645\u0627\u0647\u06d5\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0648 \u062f\u06cc\u067e\u0644\u06c6\u0645\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06c6\u0643\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0648\u06d5.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u06d5\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u0644\u06ce\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0648\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5 \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u0643\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0626\u0627\u0645\u06ce\u062f\u06cc:<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0640 \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0648 \u0626\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u06cc \u0648\u06b5\u0627\u062a<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0640 \u0628\u0695\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u0698\u06cc<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0640 \u0628\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u0631\u06ce\u0643\u0643\u06d5\u0648\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u06d5\u06cc \u062a\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0648\u0642\u06cc \u0648 \u0626\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u0648\u067e\u06d5\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0640 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0644\u06d5\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0645\u06d5\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u0648\u06b5\u06d5\u062a\u062f\u0627<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0640 \u0631\u0627\u0648\u06ce\u0698\u0643\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06c6\u0643\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u062f\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u062c\u06ce\u0628\u06d5\u062c\u06ce\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u067e\u0644\u06c6\u0645\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0648 \u0646\u0648\u06ce\u0646\u06d5\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0646\u06ce\u0648\u062f\u06d5\u0648\u06b5\u06d5\u062a\u06cc<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0640 \u0628\u06d5\u0695\u06ce\u0648\u06d5\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u0642\u06d5\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0640 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0644\u06d5 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0698\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u06d5\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u06af\u06d5\u0634\u06d5\u067e\u06ce\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u062f\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06d5<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0640 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0644\u06d5\u067e\u06d5\u06cc\u0648\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u06ce\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0641\u06cc\u062f\u0631\u0627\u06b5\u06cc \u0648 \u0647\u06d5\u0631\u06ce\u0645<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0640 \u0626\u06d5\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u0643\u0631\u062f\u06d5\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u06d5 \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06c6\u0643\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0639\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0642<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0626\u06d5\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u0643\u0627\u0631\u06af\u06ce\u0695\u06cc \u0644\u06d5 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u06d5\u062a<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0640 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u067e\u0644\u06c6\u0645\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0647\u06d5\u0631\u06ce\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u0646\u06ce\u0648\u062f\u06d5\u0648\u06b5\u06d5\u062a\u06cc<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0640 \u0647\u06d5\u0645\u0627\u0647\u06d5\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u0644\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u06b5 \u0646\u06d5\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u06af\u0631\u062a\u0648\u0648\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0631\u06ce\u0643\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5 \u0646\u06ce\u0648\u062f\u06d5\u0648\u06b5\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u0626\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u06ce\u0646\u062f\u0646<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0640 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062a\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u0644\u06d5\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0639\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u0628\u06cc \u0648 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0647\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0640 \u0628\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0644\u06c6\u0631\u06cc\u06c6\u0633\u06cc \u0644\u06d5\u0626\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u0643\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0643\u060c \u0643\u06c6\u0644\u06ce\u0698\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0632\u0627\u0646\u0643\u06c6\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0633\u06b5 \u0628\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u0647\u06ce\u0646\u0627\u0648\u06d5<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0626\u06d5\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u0643\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0648 \u0631\u06ce\u0643\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u06cc\u06cc<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0640 \u0626\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u06ce\u062a\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06cc \u0643\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0640 \u0626\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u0648\u067e\u06d5\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0626\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u0648\u06b5\u06d5\u062a (2022 \u2013 \u062a\u0627\u0626\u06ce\u0633\u062a\u0627)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0640 \u0626\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u06d5\u0643\u062a\u06d5\u0628\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0640 \u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u06ce\u062a\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06cc \u0643\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 (2023 \u2013 \u062a\u0627\u0626\u06ce\u0633\u062a\u0627)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0640 \u0644\u06ce\u067e\u0631\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u06d5\u0643\u062a\u06d5\u0628\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u06ce\u062a\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06cc \u0643\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f (2024 \u2013 \u062a\u0627 \u0626\u06ce\u0633\u062a\u0627)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0640 \u0644\u06d5\u0646\u0648\u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u06d5\u06cc \u0633\u0643\u0631\u062a\u06ce\u0631\u06cc \u06af\u0634\u062a\u06cc \u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u06ce\u062a\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06cc \u0643\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0643\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0648\u06d5 (1993-2003)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0626\u06d5\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u06d5\u06cc\u06cc<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0640 \u0648\u06d5\u0632\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0698\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u06d5 \u2013 \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0639\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0642 (2022-2024)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0640 \u062f\u0627\u0695\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u0648 \u062c\u06ce\u0628\u06d5\u062c\u06ce\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0698\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u06d5\u06cc\u06cc<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0640 \u0645\u0627\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u06d5\u06cc \u0639\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0642\u06cc \u0644\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u06b5 \u0643\u06d5\u06cc\u0633\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06af\u06c6\u0695\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0643\u06d5\u0634\u0648\u0647\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0631\u0633\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u0643\u06d5 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0643\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0648\u06d5<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0640 \u0646\u0648\u06ce\u0646\u06d5\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0639\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0642\u06cc \u0644\u06d5 \u0643\u06c6\u0695 \u0648 \u0643\u06c6\u0695\u0628\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06d5 \u0646\u06ce\u0648\u062f\u06d5\u0648\u06b5\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0648\u06d5 \u0648 \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06c6\u0643\u06cc \u0648\u06d5\u0641\u062f\u06d5 \u0631\u06d5\u0633\u0645\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0648\u06d5<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0640 \u067e\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u06cc \u0628\u06d5\u062f\u06cc\u067e\u0644\u06c6\u0645\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0698\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u06d5\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0648\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5\u0648\u067e\u06ce\u06cc\u06d5\u06cc \u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06ce\u0643\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0639\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0642<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0640 \u0644\u06d5 \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06c6\u0643\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0639\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0631\u0627\u0648\u06ce\u0698\u0643\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u067e\u0644\u06d5 \u06cc\u06d5\u0643 \u0628\u0648\u0648\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5 \u0646\u06ce\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u06b5\u0627\u0646\u06cc (2005-2022) (\u0628\u06d5\u067e\u0644\u06d5\u06cc \u0648\u06d5\u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0648 \u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062f\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u0631\u06cc \u0648\u06d5\u0632\u06cc\u0631)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0628\u06d5\u0631\u067e\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06ce\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0640 \u0631\u0627\u0648\u06ce\u0698\u0643\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06c6\u0643 \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u0627\u0631<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0640 \u062e\u0627\u06b5\u06cc \u067e\u06d5\u06cc\u0648\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0644\u06d5\u0646\u06ce\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06c6\u0643\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0648 \u062f\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u0646\u06d5 \u0647\u06d5\u0631\u06ce\u0645\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0640 \u067e\u0627\u06b5\u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc \u0644\u06d5\u067e\u06ce\u0643\u0647\u06ce\u0646\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u06d5\u062a \u0643\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0648\u06d5 \u0648 \u0631\u06c6\u06b5\u06cc \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u0643\u06cc \u0644\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5\u0695\u06ce\u0648\u06d5\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u0642\u06d5\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u06d5.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0640 \u0686\u0627\u0648\u062f\u06ce\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0695\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0646\u06ce\u0631\u062f\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06c6\u0643\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0643\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0648\u06d5 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u06d5)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u06af\u0631\u0646\u06af\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u0643\u06d5\u0648\u062a\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646\u06cc<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0640 \u06af\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u0646\u062a\u06cc \u0633\u06d5\u0642\u0627\u0645\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0645\u06d5\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06c6\u0643\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u06c6 \u0645\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0633\u06ce \u062e\u0648\u0644<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0640 \u0628\u06d5\u0695\u06ce\u0648\u06d5\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u0642\u06d5\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0640 \u0628\u06d5\u0647\u06ce\u0632\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u0631\u06c6\u06b5\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06c6\u0643\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0639\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0642<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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